The rules of madd

Madd — means to prolong (stretch) the sound of a vowel.

There are three letters of Madd:

1. ا — with no haraka when it comes after a letter that has fathah upon it.

Example:

2. و — with no haraka when it comes after a letter that has dammah upon it.

Example:

3. ي — with no haraka when it comes after a letter that has kasrah upon it.

Example:

The letters of madd are pronounced empty-mouthed or heavy-mouthed depending on the following letter.

There are two types of madd:

a) Natural madd — الْمَدُّ الْأَصْلِيُّ

b) Secondary madd — الْمَدُّ الْفَرْعِيُّ